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Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. ´ë iContents

»ç°Ç¹øÈ£: D2006-0226

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1. ´ç»çÀÚ

½ÅûÀÎ: Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Bentonville, Arkansas, United States of America.

½ÅûÀÎÀÇ ´ë¸®ÀÎ: Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Nicholson Graham LLP, United States of America and Cho & Partners, Republic of Korea.

ÇǽÅûÀÎ: iContents, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ ´ë¸®ÀÎ: Dongsuh Law Offices, Republic of Korea.

 

2. µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ ¹× µî·Ï±â°ü

ºÐÀïÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÈ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§Àº <samclub.com>ÀÌ°í, ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§Àº HANGANG Systems Inc. d/b/a Doregi.com¿¡ µî·ÏµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.

 

3. ÇàÁ¤ÀýÂ÷°³¿ä

½ÅûÀÎÀº ºÐÀïÇØ°á½Åû¼­(¿µ¹®, ÇѱÛ)¸¦ 2006³â 2¿ù 21ÀϺÎÅÍ °°ÀºÇØ 3¿ù 3ÀÏ¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ÀüÀÚ¼­¸é°ú ÀϹݼ­¸é ¾ç½ÄÀ¸·Î, ¼¼°èÁöÀûÀç»ê±Ç±â±¸(WIPO) ÁßÀçÁ¶Á¤¼¾ÅÍ(ÀÌÇÏ ¡°¼¾ÅÍ¡±¶ó°í ¾àĪÇÔ)¿¡ Á¦ÃâÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç ¼¾ÅÍ´Â 2006³â 2¿ù 23ÀÏ ¹× °°Àº´Þ 26ÀÏ ÇØ´ç ¼­·ùÀÇ ¼ö·ÉÀ» ÅëÁöÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¼¾ÅÍ´Â º»°Ç ºÐÀïÇØ°á½Åû¼­ÀÇ Á¢¼ö¿¡ µû¶ó 2006³â 2¿ù 23ÀÏ µî·Ï±â°ü¿¡°Ô µî·ÏÀÎÀÇ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¿äûÇÏ´Â À̸ÞÀÏÀ» ¹ß¼ÛÇÏ¿´°í, µî·Ï±â°üÀº °°Àº´Þ 27ÀÏÀÚ·Î ¼¾ÅÍ¿¡ º¸³½ ´äº¯À» ÅëÇؼ­ (1) ½Åû¼­ »çº»ÀÇ ¼ö½Å, (2) ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÇ µî·Ï»ç½Ç, (3) ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ÇöÀçÀÇ µî·ÏÀÎÀ̶ó´Â Á¡, (4) ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÇ µî·ÏÀÎ µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬¶ôó µîÀÇ ¼¼ºÎÁ¤µµ, (5) ±ÔÁ¤ÀÇ Àû¿ë°¡´É¼º, (6) ºÐÀï °è·ù Áß ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÇ Çö µî·Ï»çÇ׿¡ º¯°æÀÌ ¾øÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó´Â »ç½Ç, (7) µî·Ï¾à°ü¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ ¾ð¾î°¡ Çѱ¹¾î¶ó´Â »ç½Ç ¹× (8) µî·Ï±â°ü°ú µî·ÏÀÚ °£ÀÇ ºÐÀï¿¡ ÇÑÇÏ¿©¼­¸¸ µî·Ï±â°üÀÇ ÁÖµÈ »ç¹«¼Ò ¼ÒÀçÁö·Î °üÇÒÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇßÀ½À» È®ÀÎÇØ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.

¼¾ÅÍ´Â 2006³â 3¿ù 14ÀÏ ºÐÀïÇØ°á½Åû¼­°¡ ÅëÀϵµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ ºÐÀïÇØ°á±Ô Á¤(¡°±ÔÁ¤¡±), º» ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀýÂ÷±ÔÄ¢(¡°ÀýÂ÷±ÔÄ¢¡±) ¹× ÅëÀϵµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ºÐ ÀïÇØ°á±ÔÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ WIPOº¸Ãæ±ÔÄ¢(¡°º¸Ãæ±ÔÄ¢¡±)¿¡ µû¸¥ Çü½ÄÀû ¿ä°Ç¿¡ ÃæÁ·ÇÏ´ÂÁö ¿©ºÎ¸¦ Á¡°ËÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¼¾ÅÍ´Â ÀýÂ÷±ÔÄ¢ Á¦2Á¶ (a)Ç× ¹× Á¦4Á¶ (a)Ç׿¡ µû¶ó 2006³â 3¿ù 14ÀÏ ¡®ºÐÀïÇØ°á½Åû¼­ ¹× ÇàÁ¤ÀýÂ÷°³½Ã ÅëÁö¹®¡¯À» ºÐÀïÇØ°á½Åû¼­¿Í ÇÔ²² ÀüÀÚ¿ìÆí¾ç½ÄÀ¸·Î ÇǽÅûÀο¡°Ô ¹ß¼ÛÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ ±× ¹®¼­¸¦ ±¹Á¦Æ¯±Þ ¿î¼Û¼ö´ÜÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ÇǽÅûÀο¡°Ô ¹ß¼ÛÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀýÂ÷±ÔÄ¢ Á¦5Á¶ (a)Ç׿¡ µû¶ó ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ´äº¯¼­¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸¶°¨±âÀÏÀº 2006³â 4¿ù 3ÀÏÀÓÀ» ÅëÁöÇÏ¿´´Â¹Ù, °°ÀºÇØ 3¿ù 30ÀÏ ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ÀüÀÚ¾ç½ÄÀ¸·Î ´äº¯¼­¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó °°ÀºÇØ 3¿ù 31ÀÏ ´äº¯¼­ Á¢¼ö»ç½ÇÀ» È®ÀÎ, ÅëÁöÇÏ¿´´Ù.

½ÅûÀÎÀº 2006³â 4¿ù 28ÀϺÎÅÍ 5¿ù 5ÀÏ¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ÀüÀÚ¾ç½Ä°ú ÀϹݾç½ÄÀ¸·Î ¿µ¹® ¹× ÇѱÛÀÇ Ãß°¡¼­·ù¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ¼¾ÅÍ´Â ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó 5¿ù 2ÀÏ ÇØ´ç ¼­·ùÀÇ ¼ö·É»ç½ÇÀ» ÅëÁöÇÏ¿´°í, 5¿ù 19ÀÏ¿¡´Â ÇàÁ¤ÀýÂ÷ Áö¿¬»ç½ÇÀ» ÅëÁöÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù.

ÇÑÆí, ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ 3ÀÎ ÆгΠÁö¸íÀǻ翡 µû¶ó¼­, ¼¾ÅÍ´Â º»°ÇÀÇ ºÐÀïÇØ°áÀ» À§ÇÑ ÇàÁ¤ÆгÎÀÇ ÆгÎÀ§¿øÀåÀ¸·Î ¹ÚÇØÂù º¯È£»ç¸¦, ÆгÎÀ§¿øÀ¸·Î Á¤»óÁ¶ ±³¼ö, ÀÌÀÏÇü ±³¼ö¸¦ À§ÃËÇÏ¿´°í ÆгÎÀ§¿øÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ ½Â³« ¹× °øÆò¼º°ú µ¶¸³¼ºÀÇ ¼±¾ð¹®À» Á¢¼öÇÏ¿© ÀýÂ÷±ÔÄ¢ Á¦7Á¶¿¡ µû¶ó 2006³â 5¿ù 23ÀÏ ÆгÎÀ» Àû¹ýÇÏ°Ô ±¸¼ºÇÏ¿´´Ù.

 

4. »ç½Ç°ü°è

½ÅûÀÎÀº ¹Ì±¹ ¾ÆÄ­¼Ò ÁÖ¿¡ ¼ÒÀçÇÑ ¹ýÀÎÀ¸·Î¼­, ¹Ì±¹°ú ´ëÇѹα¹À» ºñ·ÔÇÑ ¼¼°è °¢±¹¿¡¼­ ¿ù¸¶Æ®¶ó´Â »óÈ£·Î ¼Ò¸Å¾÷À» ¿µÀ§ÇÏ´Â ÇÑÆí ¹Ì±¹ ¹× ÀϺΠ±¹°¡¿¡¼­ SAM¡¯S CLUBÀ̶ó´Â »óÈ£·Î ȸ¿øÁ¦ ¾çÆÇÁ¡À» ¿î¿µÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. SAM¡¯S CLUBÀº ÇöÀç ¹Ì±¹ ³»¿¡¼­¸¸ 500°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ Á¡Æ÷ ¹× 4,600¸¸¸íÀÇ È¸¿øÀ» È®º¸ÇÑ ¹Ì±¹ ÃÖ´ëÀÇ È¸¿øÁ¦ ¾çÆÇÁ¡À̸ç, À§ »óÈ£´Â ¹Ì±¹(»óÇ¥µî·Ï¹øÈ£ 2,036,770), ´ëÇѹα¹(»ó Ç¥µî·Ï¹øÈ£ 50083, 61416, 63798, 63799) µî¿¡¼­ »óÇ¥µî·ÏÀÌ µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÑÆí, ½ÅûÀÎÀº À¥»çÀÌÆ® ¡°www.samscub.com¡±¸¦ ¿î¿µÇÏ¿© SAM¡¯S CLUB¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ°í ȸ¿øµé¿¡°Ô »óÇ°°ú ¼­ºñ½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿Â¶óÀÎ ±¸¸Å¼­ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

ÇǽÅûÀÎÀº 2000³â 9¿ù 27ÀÏ ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À» µî·ÏÇÏ¿´´Ù.

ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, ½ÅûÀÎÀº 2005³â 5¿ù 5ÀÏ ¹× °°ÀºÇØ 5¿ù 10ÀÏ ÀüÀÚ¼­¸é¾ç½Ä ¹× ÀϹݼ­¸é¾ç½ÄÀ¸·Î ÇǽÅûÀÎÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ºÐÀïÇØ°á½Åû¼­¸¦ ¼¾ÅÍ¿¡ Á¢¼öÇÏ¿´´ø¹Ù(Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. ´ë iContents, WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2005-0492), °°ÀºÇØ 6¿ù 28ÀÏ ´çÇØ»ç°ÇÀÇ ´Üµ¶ÆгÎÀ§¿øÀº ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ºÐÀïµµ¸Þ ÀÎÀ̸§¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ±Ç¸® ¹× Á¤´çÇÑ ÀÌÀÍÀ» °¡ÁöÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡ ¹× ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À» µî·ÏÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃæºÐÇÑ ÀÔÁõÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î À§ ½ÅûÀ» ±â°¢ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

 

5. ´ç»çÀÚµéÀÇ ÁÖÀå

A. ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ ÁÖÀå

½ÅûÀÎÀº 2005³â 6¿ù 28ÀÏ ÀÌ¹Ì °áÁ¤ÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. ´ë iContents »ç°Ç (WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2005-0492)(ÀÌÇÏ ¡°¿ø »ç°Ç¡±À̶ó ÇÔ)°ú µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ÃëÁöÀÇ º»°Ç ½Åû»ç°Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Àç½É¸®°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇϸ鼭, ±× ±Ù°Å·Î¼­ ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» Àü°³ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

¿ø »ç°ÇÀÇ ½ÅûÀÌ Á¦±âµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â Å뺸¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ÀÌÈÄ ÇǽÅûÀÎÀº ºÐÀïµµ ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À¸·Î ¿¬°áµÈ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ ¾ð¾î¸¦ ¿µ¾î¿¡¼­ Çѱ۷Πº¯°æÇÏ°í ±× ³»¿ë¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¼­Ä¡¿£Áø°ú ¸µÅ©µéÀ» ¾ø¾Ø ÈÄ Àλ£ °üÇÑ Á¤º¸µé°ú ¸µÅ©µé¸¸ ¹èÄ¡ÇÏ¿´´ø ¹Ù, ¿ø »ç°ÇÀÇ ÆгÎÀ§¿øÀº Çѱ۷ΠÀÌ·ç¾îÁø À¥»çÀÌÆ® ³»¿ë¿¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇÏ¿© ¿ø »ç°Ç ½ÅûÀ» ±â°¢ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·±µ¥, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀº À§ °áÁ¤ÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÀÌÈÄÀÎ 2005³â 11¿ù °æ ´Ù½Ã À§ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ Çѱ۷ΠµÈ Àλï°ü·Ã Á¤º¸, ¸µÅ© µîÀ» »èÁ¦ÇÏ°í ¿µ¾î·Î µÈ ¼îÇÎ °ü·Ã Á¤º¸, »çÁø ¹× À¯¸Ó¶õ, »ó¾÷Àû ¼Ò¸Å¾÷üµé·ÎÀÇ ¸µÅ©µéÀ» ¹èÄ¡ÇÏ¿´´Â¹Ù, ÀÌ´Â ¿ø »ç°Ç ½ÅûÀÇ ±âÃÊ°¡ µÇ´Â ÁÖ¿ä»ç½ÇÀ» º¯°æÇÏ´Â ÈļÓÇàÀ§·Î¼­ º»°Ç ½Åû¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àç½É¸®·Î ³ª¾Æ°¥ ±Ù°Å¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

ÇÑÆí, ½ÇüÀû ½É¸®»çÇ× °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©¼­´Â, ¿ì¼± ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥¿ÍÀÇ À¯»ç¼º¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©, ½ÅûÀÎÀº ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§Àº ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥ÀÎ SAM¡¯S CLUB¿¡¼­ ¡°¡¯s¡±¸¸À» »èÁ¦ÇÏ ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Åë»óÀûÀÎ ¿ÀŸ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ À¯»ç µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À̶ó ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ¾Æ¿ï·¯, º»°Ç ½Åû»ç°Ç¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ¿î¿µÇÏ´Â À¥»çÀÌÆ®´Â ¿µ¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¼ÒºñÀÚµéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ±× À¯»ç¼º ¿©ºÎÀÇ ÆǴܵµ ¿µ¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¼ÒºñÀÚµéÀ» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù.

ÇǽÅûÀο¡°Ô ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ç¸® ȤÀº Á¤´çÇÑ ÀÌÀÍÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©, ½ÅûÀÎÀº ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ SAM CLUBÀ̶ó´Â »óÇ¥±ÇÀ» º¸À¯ÇÏ°í ÀÖÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸç, »óÇ°À̳ª ¼­ºñ½ºÀÇ ¼±ÀÇÀÇ Á¦°ø°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© À§ ¿ë¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÁöµµ ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ°í, À§ ¿ë¾î·Î ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÀ½À» ÀÔÁõÇÒ Áõ°Åµµ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ¿ø »ç°Ç¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÇǽÅûÀÎÀº Àλ£ °ü·ÃµÈ Á¤º¸ ¹× ¸µÅ©¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â À¥ÆäÀÌÁö¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© Á¤´çÇÏ°Ô ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À» »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ¿´À¸³ª, ¿ø »ç°Ç °áÁ¤ ÀÌÈÄ Àλ£ °ü·ÃµÈ Á¤º¸°¡ ´ëºÎºÐ »èÁ¦µÈ À¥»çÀÌÆ®·Î °³ÆíÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÇǽÅûÀÎ ÁÖÀåÀÇ ±Ù°Å°¡ »ó½ÇµÇ¾ú´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù.

ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀÇ µî·Ï ¹× »ç¿ëÀÇ Á¡¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©´Â, ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ ´ëÇѹα¹°ú ¹Ì±¹ µîÁö¿¡¼­ SAM¡¯S CLUB Ç¥Àå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »óÇ¥µî·ÏÀ» ÇÑ Á¡, ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ ¿î¿µÇÏ´Â À¥»çÀÌ Æ®¡°www.samsclub.com¡±¿¡¼­ ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥µî·Ï »ç½ÇÀ» °íÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Á¡, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ ¿Â¶óÀÎ ¼îÇο¡ ´ëÇØ ¾ð±ÞÇϸ鼭 ºñ±³ ¼îÇÎÀÇ ¼ö´ÜÀ¸·Î¼­ ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¸¦ ÀοëÇÑ Á¡ µî¿¡ ºñÃß¾î º¼ ¶§ ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥ ȤÀº À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÎÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡ °ÔÀçµÈ ¼ºÀû ¹¦»ç »çÁø µî¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °¡Á· Áß½ÉÀÇ ¿µ¾÷À» Ç¥¹æÇÏ´Â ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ ¸í¼º µî¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» °¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Á¡, ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °Í°ú À¯»çÇÑ »óÇ° ¹× ¼­ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â »ó¾÷ ¸µÅ©¸¦ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡ ¿¬°áÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í °ü·ÃµÈ ±ÝÀüÀû ÀÌÀÍÀÌ ÃßÁ¤µÇ´Â Á¡, ¼ÒºñÀÚÀÇ ¿ÀŸ µîÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ¼ÒÀ§ ¡°typosquatting¡±ÀÇ »ç·Ê¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â Á¡, <ipcworld.com>, <newsweek.net>, <nasdaqmarket.com>, <mybeatles.com> ¹× <worldcupinfo.com> µî Á¤´çÇÑ ±Ç¸®¸¦ º¸À¯ÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À» ´Ù¼ö µî·Ï, »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Á¡ µî¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÏ¿© ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀû¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ µî·Ï ¹× »ç¿ëÀÌ ÀÎÁ¤µÈ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

B. ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ ÁÖÀå

ÇǽÅûÀÎÀº ¿ì¼± º»°Ç ½Åû¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àç½É¸®ÀÇ Çã¿ë ¿©ºÎ¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, º»°Ç ½Åû¿¡¼­ Á¦±âµÈ »õ·Î¿î Áõ°Å´Â ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ¿î¿µÇÏ´Â À¥»çÀÌÆ®ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÌ ¿Â¶óÀÎ ¼îÇο¡ °üÇÑ Á¤º¸·Î º¯°æµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀÏ »ÓÀιÙ, ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ »õ·Ó°Ô Á¦½ÃÇÑ´Ù´Â À¥»çÀÌÆ®ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº ¿ø »ç°Ç ÆÇ´ÜÀÇ ±âÃÊ°¡ µÇ¾ú´ø À¥»çÀÌÆ®ÀÇ ³»¿ë°ú º°´Ù¸¥ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ̸ç, ¿ø »ç°ÇÀÇ ÆгÎÀ§¿øµµ ¿ø »ç°Ç ½Åû Á¦±â ´ç½Ã ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ À¥»çÀÌÆ®°¡ ´Ù¸¥ À¥»çÀÌÆ®·Î ¸µÅ©µÇ¾î »ç¿ëµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ÀüÁ¦·Î ÆÇ´ÜÀ» ÇÏ¿´´ø °ÍÀ̹ǷÎ, Àç½É¸®ÀÇ Çã¿ë ±Ù°Å°¡ µÉ ¸¸ÇÑ »õ·Î¿î Áõ°ÅÀÇ Á¦½Ã°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù.

»ç°ÇÀÇ ½ÇüÀû ÆÇ´Ü°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, ½ÅûÀÎ º¸À¯ »óÇ¥¿ÍÀÇ À¯»ç¼º ¿©ÇÏ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ °ÅÁÖ±¹°¡ °ÅÁÖÀÚµéÀ» ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇÒ °ÍÀ» ÁÖÀåÇϸ鼭, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ °ÅÁÖ±¹ÀÎ ´ëÇѹα¹¿¡¼­´Â ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â ¡°sam¡±À» ¡°»ù[s©¡m]¡±ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ¡°»ï[sam]¡±À¸·Î ÀÐÀ¸¸ç, ´ëÇѹα¹¿¡¼­ ¡°»ï¡±Àº ÈçÈ÷ Àλï·ù¸¦ ÁöĪÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ ¡°»ï[sam]¡±À¸·Î ÀÐÈ÷´Â ¡°sam¡±°ú ÀϹÝÀû ¸í»çÀÎ ¡°club¡±À» Á¶ÇÕÇÏ¿´À» »ÓÀÎ ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§°ú ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥ »çÀÌ¿¡ À¯»ç¼ºÀÌ ÀÎÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù.

ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ç¸® ¹× Á¤´çÇÑ ÀÌÀÍ À¯¹«¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀº ¡°sam¡±ÀÌ Çѱ¹Àο¡°Ô Àλï·ù¸¦ ÁöĪÇÏ´Â º¸Åë¸í»çÀÎ ¸¸Å­ ±× µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ »ç¿ë À¯¹«¿Í °ü·Ã¾øÀÌ º¸Åë¸í»ç·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ç¸®´Â ´©±¸¿¡°Ô³ª ÀÎÁ¤µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀº º¸Åë¸í»ç·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À» µî·ÏÇÏ°í ¿©±â¿¡ ÀÎÅͳÝÄÜÅÙÃ÷¸¦ °áÇÕÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ³»¿ëÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â ¿µ¾÷À» Çϴ ȸ»ç·Î¼­, ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ç¸® ȤÀº ÀÌÀÍÀ» º¸À¯ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ̸ç, ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ º»°Ç ½Åû¿¡¼­ Á¦±âÇÑ À¥»çÀÌÆ® ³»¿ëÀÇ º¯°æÀº À¥»çÀÌÆ® °³¼±À» À§ÇÑ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ½ÃµµÀÇ ÀÏȯ¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÑ °ÍÀ̶ó ÁÖÀåÇÏ¿´´Ù.

³¡À¸·Î, ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀÇ µî·Ï ¹× »ç¿ë ¿©ÇÏ¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀº ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ µî·Ï ´ç½Ã ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÈ£¸¦ ÀüÇô ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´°í À¥»çÀÌÆ®ÀÇ º¯°æµµ À§¿¡ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ À¥»çÀÌÆ® °³¼±À» À§ÇÑ ½ÃÇè¿î¿µÀÇ ÀÏȯ¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ¿´À¸¹Ç·Î ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀÇ µî·Ï ¹× »ç¿ëÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

 

6. °ËÅä ¹× ÆÇ´Ü

¸ÕÀú, ¿ø »ç°Ç°ú ½ÅûÀÎ, ÇǽÅûÀÎ, ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ º»°Ç ½Åû¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Àç½É¸®°¡ Çã¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¿©ºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çü½ÄÀû ÆÇ´ÜÀ» ÇÑ ¿¬ÈÄ ½ÇüÀû »ç¾È¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÆÇ´Ü¿¡ ³ª¾Æ°¡±â·Î ÇÑ´Ù.

¿ø »ç°Ç°ú ½ÅûÀÎ, ÇǽÅûÀÎ, ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ºÐÀïÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â º»°Ç ½ÅûÀÌ Àç½É¸® ½Åû(re-filing)¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÑ´Ù´Â µ¥¿¡´Â Àǹ®ÀÇ ¿©Áö°¡ ¾ø´Ù.

Àç½É¸®ÀÇ Çã¿ë ¿©ºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ ¸í½ÃÀû Á¶Ç×ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â¹Ù, µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ºÐÀïÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ½ÅûÀÇ Àç½É¸® ¿©ºÎ¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¿´´ø ¼±·Ê ¹× ¹ý¿øÀçÆÇÀÇ Àç½É¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀÏ¹Ý ¹Î»ç¼Ò¼Û¹ý¿øÄ¢À» Âü°í·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù (Societe Nationale de Television France3 ´ë ±è¼¼±Ç, WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2002-1181 ÂüÁ¶). ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó ÀÌÀü¿¡ Àç½É¸® ½Åû »ç°ÇµéÀ» ½É¸®ÇÏ¿´´ø ÆгÎÀ§¿øµéÀº ´ëü·Î ÃʱâÀÇ Àç½É¸® ½Åû »ç°ÇÀÎ Grove Broadcasting Co. Ltd. ´ë Telesystems Communications Ltd.»ç°Ç(WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2000-0703) ¹× Creo Products Inc. ´ë Website in Development »ç°Ç(WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2000-1490)¿¡¼­ ¼ö¸³µÈ ¿øÄ¢À» È®¸³µÈ ¹ý¿øÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© °¢ °áÁ¤À» µµÃâÇÏ¿´´ø¹Ù ±× ¿øÄ¢ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.

½ÅûÀÎ, ÇǽÅûÀÎ ¹× ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÌ ¿ø »ç°Ç°ú µ¿ÀÏÇÑ »ç°ÇÀÇ Àç½É¸®´Â, (a) ¿ø »ç°Ç¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÆгÎÀ§¿ø, º¯È£ÀÎ, ´ç»çÀÚ µîÀÇ Áß´ëÇÑ À§¹ýÇàÀ§°¡ ÀÖ¾úÀ» °æ¿ì, (b) À§Áõ ȤÀº À§ÀÛµÈ Áõ°Å°¡ Á¦ÃâµÇ¾úÀ» °æ¿ì, (c) ¿ø »ç°Ç ½É¸® ´ç½Ã ¿¹°ßµÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ¿´°Å³ª ¾Ë ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´ø Áß¿äÇÏ°í ½Åºù¼º ÀÖ´Â Áõ°Å°¡ ¹ß°ßµÈ °æ¿ì, (d) ÀÚ¿¬Àû Á¤ÀÇÀÇ À§¹è°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø °æ¿ì µî¿¡ Çã¿ëµÈ´Ù. (c)ÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡ ÀÖ¾î, »õ·Î¿î Áõ°Å´Â ¿ø »ç°Ç ½É¸® ´ç½Ã¿¡´Â ÇÕ¸®Àû ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î¼­ ¾ò¾îÁú ¼ö ¾ø¾ú°í, »ç°ÇÀÇ °á°ú¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â °ÍÀ̾î¾ß Çϸç, ÀÏÀÀ ½Åºù¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

º»°Ç¿¡ À־, ½ÅûÀÎÀº ¿ø »ç°Ç °áÁ¤ÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ºÐÀï µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÌ ¿¬°áµÈ À¥»çÀÌÆ®ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» º¯°æÇÑ ÇàÀ§¸¦ ±Ù°Å·Î Àç½É¸®¸¦ ¿äûÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀº ¿ø »ç°Ç ½Åû ´ç½Ã(Àλï·ù¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ´Â ÇÑ±Û ÄÜÅÙÃ÷·Î º¯°æµÇ±â ÀÌÀü)¿¡ À§ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡ °Ô½ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú´ø ³»¿ë°ú ¿ø »ç°Ç °áÁ¤ ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ °Ô½ÃµÈ ³»¿ëÀÌ ´ëµ¿¼ÒÀÌÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ ÀÌ´Â Creo »ç°Ç¿¡ ¼³½ÃµÈ ¿ø »ç°Ç ½ÅûÀÇ ±Ù°Å¸¦ ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â ÇàÀ§¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÑ Àç½Åû¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ¿© ¸¶¶¥È÷ °¢ÇϵǾî¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÃëÁöÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» Àü°³ÇÑ´Ù.

º»°Ç ½Åû¿¡¼­ ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ Á¦½ÃÇÏ´Â »ç½ÇÀÇ ¿äÁö´Â ¡°¿ø »ç°Ç °áÁ¤ÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÀÌÈÄ ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÌ ¿¬°áµÈ À¥»çÀÌÆ® ³»¿ëÀ» Àλï·ù¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÏ´Â ÇÑ±Û ÄÜÅÙÃ÷¿¡¼­ ¼îÇÎÁ¤º¸ ¹× ¸µÅ©¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¿µ¹® ÄÜÅÙÃ÷·Î º¯°æÇÑ ÇàÀ§¡± ÀÚü¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÒ °ÍÀιÙ, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ ÁÖÀå°ú´Â ´Þ¸® ¿ø »ç°Ç °áÁ¤ ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ ÇàÀ§¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÑ Àç½É¸® ½ÅûÀ¸·Î ÆǴܵȴÙ.

ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÆÇ´ÜÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿©, ¿ø »ç°Ç °áÁ¤ÀÌ ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ À¥»çÀÌÆ®°¡ ¿Ï¼ºµÇÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ºñ»ó¾÷Àû ¿ëµµ·Î ÀÌ¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÀÌÈÄ ´çÇØ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¸¦ ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ °æÀï»ç À¥»çÀÌÆ®·Î ¿¬°á½ÃÅ°´Â ÇÑÆí ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ À¥»çÀÌÆ®°¡ ½ÅûÀΰú´Â ¹«°üÇÏ´Ù´Â °Ô½Ã¸¦ »èÁ¦ÇÑ °æ¿ì Àç½É¸®¸¦ Çã¿ëÇÑ »ç·Ê(AT&T Corp. ´ë William Gormally, WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2005-0758), ¿ø »ç°Ç ½É¸® ´ç½Ã À¥»çÀÌÆ®´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ »ç½ÇÁ¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´ø µ¥¿¡ ¹ÝÇÏ¿© Àç½É¸® ½Åû ´ç½ÃÀÇ À¥»çÀÌÆ®´Â º¸µµ»ç½Ç ¹× ´º½º¸µÅ©¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̹ǷΠÁß¿äÇÑ º¯°æÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í º¸¾Æ Àç½É¸®¸¦ Çã¿ëÇÑ »ç·Ê(Kur-und Verkehrsverein St. Moritz ´ë Domain Finance Ltd., WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2004-0158), ¿ø »ç°Ç °áÁ¤ ÀÌÈÄ ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡ ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥°¡ »ðÀÔµÈ ¸ÞŸÅ±×(meta-tag)µéÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ »ç½Ç ¹× ±âŸÀÇ »õ·Î¿î Áõ°Å¸¦ ±âÃÊ·Î Àç½É¸®¸¦ Çã¿ëÇÑ »ç·Ê(Legal & General Group Plc ´ë Image Plus, WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2003-0603), ¿ø »ç°Ç °áÁ¤ ÀÌÈÄ ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ¿ø »ç°Ç °áÁ¤ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ±Ù°Å°¡ µÇ¾ú´ø ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ Á¶Ä« °ü·Ã Á¤º¸¸¦ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ »èÁ¦ÇÏ°í Æ÷Å»¼­ºñ½º À¥»çÀÌÆ®·Î º¯°æÇÑ ÇàÀ§ µîÀ» ±Ù°Å·Î Àç½É¸®¸¦ Çã¿ëÇÑ »ç·Ê(Maruti Udyog Ltd. ´ë maruti.com, WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2003-0073) µîÀ» °ËÅäÇÒ ¶§, º»°ÇÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡ À־µµ À¥»çÀÌÆ®ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» º¯°æÇÑ ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ÇàÀ§´Â ¿ø »ç°Ç ½É¸® ´ç½Ã ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿¹°ßÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´ø °ÍÀ¸·Î¼­ ÀÏÀÀ ½Åºù¼ºÀÌ ÀÖÀ» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿ø »ç°ÇÀÇ °áÁ¤ÀÇ ±Ù°Å°¡ µÈ °¢ ¿ä¼Ò¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¡°»õ·Î¿î Áõ°Å¡±¶ó ÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç, ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ¿ø »ç°Ç ÆÇ´ÜÀÇ ±âÃÊ°¡ µÇ¾ú´ø ÇàÀ§¿Í ´ëµ¿¼ÒÀÌÇÑ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ¹Ýº¹¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ¿© »õ·Î¿î Áõ°Å¶ó ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì(Furrytails Limited ´ë Andrew Mitchell d/b/a Oxford Die-Cast, WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2001-0857)¿Í´Â ´Ù¸£´Ù ÇÏ°Ú´Ù.

ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó, ÆгÎÀ§¿øµéÀº º»°ÇÀÇ Àç½É¸®¿¡ ³ª¾Æ°¡±â·Î ÇÑ´Ù.

½ÅûÀÎÀº ±ÔÁ¤ Á¦4Á¶ (a)Ç׿¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇÏ¿© ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº »ç½ÇµéÀ» ¸ðµÎ ÀÔÁõÇÏ¿©¾ß ½ÅûÇÑ ±¸Á¦¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

¡°(i) ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â »óÇ¥ ¶Ç´Â ¼­ºñ½ºÇ¥¿Í µî·ÏÀÎÀÇ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇϰųª È¥µ¿À» ÀÏÀ¸Å³ Á¤µµ·Î À¯»çÇÏ´Ù´Â °Í,

(ii) µî·ÏÀÎÀÌ ±× µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÇ µî·Ï¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ç¸® ¶Ç´Â Á¤´çÇÑ ÀÌÀÍÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ´Ù´Â °Í, ±×¸®°í

(iii) µî·ÏÀÎÀÇ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÌ ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î µî·Ï ¹× »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °Í¡±

A. »óÇ¥¿Í µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÇ µ¿ÀÏ¡¤À¯»ç¼º

½ÅûÀÎÀÌ ¹Ì±¹ ¹× ´ëÇѹα¹ µîÁö¿¡¼­ SAM¡¯S CLUB »óÇ¥¸¦ µî·ÏÇÏ¿© º¸À¯ÇÑ »ç½ÇÀº »óÇ¥µî·ÏÁõ »çº» µî¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÀÎÁ¤µÈ´Ù.

ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§°ú ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥°¡ È¥µ¿À» ÀÏÀ¸Å³ Á¤µµ·Î À¯»çÇÑÁöÀÇ ¿©ºÎ´Â ¿ø »ç°ÇÀÇ ÆгÎÀ§¿øÀÌ ÁöÀûÇÑ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ ±× ÆÇ´ÜÁÖü¸¦ ´©±¸·Î ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡¿¡ µû¶ó ´Þ¶óÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â ¡°sam¡±À» Àλï·ù ȤÀº ¼ýÀÚ 3À» ¿¬»óÅä·Ï ÇÏ´Â ¡°»ï[sam]¡±À¸·Î ÀÐÀ» °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ´ÙºÐÇÑ ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÇ °ÅÁÖ±¹, Áï ´ëÇѹα¹ÀÇ °ÅÁÖÀÚµéÀ» ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù¸é ±× À¯»ç¼ºÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇϱⰡ ½±Áö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

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(iv) µî·ÏÀÎÀÌ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î½á »ó¾÷»óÀÇ À̵æÀ» ¾òÀ» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±× À¥»çÀÌÆ®³ª ±âŸÀÇ ¿Â¶óÀÎ Àå¼Ò ¶Ç´Â ±× °÷¿¡ µîÀåÇÏ´Â »óÇ°À̳ª ¼­ºñ½ºÀÇ Ãâó, ÈÄ¿ø°ü°è, °Å·¡»ó Á¦ÈÞ°ü°è, Ãßõ°ü°è µî¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥³ª ¼­ºñ½ºÇ¥ µî°ú È¥µ¿À» ¾ß±âÇÒ Àǵµ·Î ÀÎÅͳݻóÀÇ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ¸¦ °íÀÇÀûÀ¸·Î ±× À¥»çÀÌÆ® ¶Ç´Â ±âŸÀÇ ¿Â¶óÀÎ Àå¼Ò·Î À¯ÀÎÇÑ °æ¿ì¡±

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±ÔÁ¤ Á¦4Á¶ (b)Ç× (iv)È£¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â Á¤È²ÀÇ °æ¿ì, °°ÀºÇ× (i) (ii) ¹× (iii)È£¿Í ±¸º°µÇ´Â¹Ù, ÀÌ´Â ¹®¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î º¼ ¶§ (iv)È£¿¡¼­´Â ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ µî·Ï ´ç½ÃÀÇ Àǵµ³ª °ü·Ã »óÈ£ÀÇ ÀÎÁö ¿©ºÎ¸¦ ¹¯Áö ¾Ê°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.

º»°Ç¿¡¼­ ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ »õ·ÎÀÌ Á¦½ÃÇÑ Áõ°Å¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À» »ç¿ëÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÈ£¿Í À¯»çÇÑ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À¸·Î ¿¬°áµÇ´Â À¥»çÀÌÆ® ¡°www.overstock.com¡± µî °æÀï¾÷üÀÇ À¥»çÀÌÆ® ¸µÅ©¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â µî ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥¿ÍÀÇ È¥µ¿À» À¯¹ß½ÃÄÑ ÀÌÀÍÀ» ÃëÇÏ·Á ÇÑ »ç½ÇÀº ÀÏÀÀ ÀÎÁ¤µÇ¹Ç·Î, ¹®¸®ÀûÀÎ Çؼ®¿¡¸¸ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÒ °æ¿ì ±ÔÁ¤ Á¦4Á¶ (b)Ç× (iv)È£ÀÇ Á¤È²ÀÌ ÀÎÁ¤µÇ¾î ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀÇ µî·Ï ¹× »ç¿ëÀÌ ÀÔÁõµÇ¾ú´Ù°í º¼ ¿©Áö°¡ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

±×·¯³ª, ±ÔÁ¤ Á¦4Á¶ (b)Ç× (i) ³»Áö (iv)È£´Â ±× °¢ Á¤È²µéÀÌ ÀÎÁ¤µÇ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ ¡°ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀÇ µî·Ï ¹× »ç¿ë¡±ÀÇ ÀÔÁõÀ» °£ÁÖÇϱâ À§ÇÑ °ÍÀιÙ, ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¹®¸®Àû Çؼ®¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© µî·Ï ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎ »ç¿ë ´ç½ÃÀÇ Á¤È²¸¸À¸·Î µî·Ï ½ÃÁ¡ÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀÌ ÀÔÁõµÇ¾ú´Ù°í °£ÁÖÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ̶ó Çϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù°í »ç·áµÈ´Ù.

ÀÌ¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© The Skin Store, Inc. ´ë eSkinStore.com »ç°Ç(WIPO »ç°Ç¹øÈ£ D2004-0661)ÀÇ ÆгÎÀ§¿øÀº ±ÔÁ¤ Á¦4Á¶ (b)Ç× (iv)¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ¡°ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÐÀïµéÀ» ½É¸®ÇÏ¿´´ø ÆгÎÀ§¿øµéÀº, ´çÇØ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ÀÌ µî·ÏµÇ´ø ½ÃÁ¡¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ½ÅûÀÎ ¶Ç´Â ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÇ¥, ¼­ºñ½ºÇ¥¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾ú´ø °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ ½Â¼ÒÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â °ßÇظ¦ ¹àÇô ¿Ô¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, (iv)È£´Â, ±× ¾ÕÀÇ °¢ È£µé°ú ´Þ¸®, µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ µî·Ï ´ç½ÃÀÇ ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ Àǵµ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â ¾Æ¹«·± ¾ð±ÞÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀÖÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­, ¹®¸éÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÚ¸é, µî·Ï ´ç½Ã¿¡´Â ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÇÏÀÇ ÀǵµÀû »ç¿ëÀº ¹Ù·Î ¡°ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀÇ µî·Ï ¹× »ç¿ë¡±À¸·Î °£ÁÖµÈ´Ù°í º¸´Â °ÍÀÌ (iv)È£ÀÇ ¸ñÀû¿¡ ºÎÇÕÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ. º»°ÇÀÇ ÆгÎÀ§¿øÀº À̸¦ Á¶¹®ÀÛ¼º °úÁ¤¿¡¼­ÀÇ ½Ç¼ö¶ó°í ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª º»°ÇÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀïÁ¡°ú´Â ¹«°üÇÏ´Ù(Generally, panels deciding these disputes have taken the view that a complaint cannot succeed unless at the outset, when registering the Domain Name, the Respondent did so with the Complainant and/or its trade/service mark in mind. It is to be noted, however, that sub-paragraph (iv), unlike the three preceding sub-paragraphs, makes no reference to the Respondent¡¯s motives at time of registration of the Domain Name. Accordingly, on the face of it, intentional bad faith use is deemed to be ¡°bad faith registration and use¡± for the purposes of paragraph 4(a)(iii) of the Policy even though the bad faith intent may not have existed at the time of registration. The Panel believes that this may well have been a drafting error, but for the purpose of this dispute, it does not matter)¡±¶ó°í ¹àÈù ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù.

º»°ÇÀÇ ÆгÎÀ§¿øµµ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °ßÇØ¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇϴ¹Ù, ÇÕ¸®Àû Çؼ®¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© À§ (iv)È£ÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ µî·Ï ´ç½Ã¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ »óÈ£ Á¸Àç»ç½ÇÀ» ÀÎÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾úÀ½ÀÌ ÀÔÁõµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, º»°ÇÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÔÁõÀ» ´ÙÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´´Ù.

°á±¹, ÇǽÅûÀÎÀÌ ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§À» µî·ÏÇÏ°í »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀº ÀÎÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù.

 

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º» ÆгÎÀ§¿øµéÀº ½ÅûÀÎÀÌ ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ±ÔÁ¤ Á¦4Á¶ (a)Ç׿¡ ¿­°ÅµÈ °¢ »çÇ×µéÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÀÔÁõÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­, ±ÔÁ¤ Á¦4Á¶ ¹× ÀýÂ÷±ÔÄ¢ Á¦15Á¶¿¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇÏ¿© ½ÅûÀÎÀÇ ½ÅûÀº À̸¦ ±â°¢ÇÑ´Ù.


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ÀÏÀÚ: 2006³â 6¿ù 20ÀÏ


DISSENTING OPINION

I concur with my distinguished co-Panelists that the Complaint presents a new dispute that the Panel must consider. I also concur that the Complainant has successfully shown that: the domain name in dispute ¡°is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark or service mark in which the [C]omplainant has rights¡±; and the Respondent has ¡°no rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name.¡± Paragraph 4(a)(i) and (ii) of the Policy. I disagree, however, that the Complainant has failed to show that the ¡°domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.¡± Paragraph 4(a)(iii) of the Policy. I would find that the evidentiary record of this case establishes the bad faith requirement, and would order the transfer of the domain name to the Complainant. Therefore, I dissent from the decision of the majority denying the Complaint.

The bad faith element as described in the Policy has given rise to significant discussion by panels in previous decisions. Some panels have ruled that paragraph 4(a)(iii) of the Policy requires proof of both bad faith registration and bad faith use. See Teradyne, Inc. Teradyne, Inc. v. 4Tel Technology, WIPO Case No. D2000-0026 (May 9, 2000); World Wrestling Federation Entertainment, Inc. v. Bosman, WIPO Case No. D1999-0001 (January 14, 2000). Presumably, this view originates from the strict text of paragraph 4(a)(iii): ¡°domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith.¡± (emphasis added). Thus, according to this reading of the Policy, if there is no evidence of bad faith at the time of registration, the panel must rule in favor of the respondent, even if the respondent has subsequently used the domain name in bad faith. Dean Hill Systems Ltd. v. Santana, WIPO Case No. D2002-0404 (September 20, 2002) (Concurrence of David H. Bernstein) (discussing E-Duction, Inc. v. Zuccarini, WIPO Case No. D2000-1369 (February 5, 2001)).

Yet a complete reading of the Policy must take into account paragraph 4(b) of the Policy, which begins: ¡°For the purposes of Paragraph 4(a)(iii), the following circumstances, in particular but without limitation, if found by the Panel to be present, shall be evidence of the registration and use of a domain name in bad faith[.]¡± (emphasis added). One panelist ably explained the co-existing relationship between Paragraphs 4(a)(iii) and 4(b)(iv):

While Paragraph 4(a)(iii) of the Policy requires that the Complainant prove that ¡°the domain name has been registered and is being used in bad faith,¡± that requirement is further illuminated by the language of Paragraph 4(b) addressing ¡°Evidence of Registration and Use in Bad Faith.¡± Paragraph 4(b) expressly delineates four, each free-standing, examples of what a panel may find to be ¡°evidence of the registration and use of a domain name in bad faith¡±, but first underscores that these examples are not the exclusive basis for finding registration and use in bad faith . . . . Dean Hill Systems Ltd., No. D2002-0404 (Concurrence of Sally M. Abel), supra.

Applying the Policy then, panels in previous decisions have ruled that the complainant may satisfy the requirement of registration and use in bad faith as set forth in paragraph 4(a)(iii) of the Policy with evidence of any of the non-exhaustive circumstances described in paragraph 4(b). Sydney Airport Corporation Limited v. Crilly, WIPO Case No. D2005-0989 (November 22, 2005); Telstra Corporation Limited v. Nuclear Marshmallows, WIPO Case No. D2000-0003 (February 18, 2000).

Here, I would find paragraph 4(a)(iii) to be present, supported by evidence to satisfy the circumstances described in paragraph 4(b)(iv), namely, that by using the domain name the Respondent has ¡°intentionally attempted to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to [the Respondent¡¯s] web site or other on-line location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with the [C]omplainant¡¯s mark as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation, or endorsement of [the Respondent¡¯s] web site or location or of a product or service on [the Respondent¡¯s] web site or location.¡±

The evidentiary record before the Panel shows that:

The Complainant¡¯s service mark,SAM¡¯S CLUB was registered in the United States of America in 1997, and has been a well-known mark for retail services.

The SAM¡¯S CLUB mark was also registered in other countries, including the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 1999, and China in 1997.

The SAM¡¯S CLUB mark was registered in the Republic of Korea in 1998.

The Complainant registered the domain name <samsclub.com> in 1995, and has been using it to provide information about SAM¡¯S CLUB stores and allow members to shop online.

Years after the Complainant registered the SAM¡¯S CLUB mark in the United States of America, China, and the Republic of Korea, and after the Complainant registered the domain name <samsclub.com>, the Respondent registered the domain name in dispute here: <samclub.com>. As of April 2005, the contents of the Respondent¡¯s website, all in English text, included links entitled ¡°Online Payment,¡± ¡°Furniture,¡± ¡°Club,¡± ¡°Tires,¡± ¡°Work From Home,¡± ¡°Airline Tickets¡± and ¡°Portable DVD Player,¡± among others.

There is more. The Complainant had previously brought an administrative proceeding under the Policy against the Respondent in May 2005. After receiving notice of the complaint, the Respondent changed the English content of its website to Korean text, devoted to ginseng products. The Respondent then argued in its response that it has rights or legitimate interests in the domain name, asserting that ¡°sam¡± refers to the Korean term for ginseng and ¡°club¡± is a common term in Korean. The panel agreed, and denied the complaint. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. iContents, WIPO Case No. D2005-0492 (June 28, 2005). Within five months of the panel¡¯s decision, the Respondent changed the language of the website from Korean back to English, removed material relating to ginseng, and replaced it with a search engine. Over the course of the next three months, the Respondent provided in the website, in successive order: textual material under the title ¡°Online Holiday Shopping Tips ? SamClub¡±; text under the title ¡°Online Shopping tips & Coupon tips ? SamClub¡±; a ¡°SamClub Directory¡± heading, with product categories under it; text under the title ¡°Coupon clipping takes time, but pays off ? SamClub¡±; and text under the title ¡°Valentine¡¯s Day Gift Ideas for Him ? SamClub,¡± among others. During this time, as the Complainant acknowledges, the Respondent¡¯s website did include two links to ginseng products, but mostly at the bottom right portion of the site content. The Complainant then brought the present Complaint challenging the website¡¯s English content. Within hours after the Complainant transmitted the Complaint to the Respondent by e-mail, the Respondent removed the English content from the website and replaced it with Korean text providing information about ginseng products, just as it had done when it received the previous complaint.

In my view, the evidentiary record satisfies the circumstances provided for in paragraph 4(b)(iv) of the Policy. That is, the Respondent used the <samclub.com> domain name, intentionally attempting to attract, for commercial gain, Internet users to its website by creating a likelihood of confusion with the Complainant¡¯s SAM¡¯S CLUB mark, as to the source, sponsorship, affiliation or endorsement of the Respondent¡¯s website. The record and the Policy make it difficult for me to reject a finding of bad faith.

The majority declines to find bad faith registration, but finds ample evidence of bad faith use. Significantly, bad faith registration and bad faith use can overlap, and are not strictly separated by the registration event. Or as one panel aptly stated, ¡°[B]ad faith use may, in appropriate cases, give rise to an inference of bad faith registration.¡± E-Duction, Inc., D2000-1369, supra. The evidentiary record of the present case shows that this is one such appropriate case.

The majority¡¯s decision all but endorses the Respondent to change the content of its website back to the original English content, for another time, freely including material related to the same or similar retail services for which the Complainant has long used its registered mark. I disagree with this result. Although it is true that ¡°[t]he Policy is not suitable for the resolution of all disputes,¡± Formway Furniture Limited v. Microfish Pty Limited, WIPO Case No. D2001-1476 (February 23, 2002) (emphasis added), I think that observation inappropriate here. Instead, in my view, the present case offers an example of the ¡°unique sets of facts as to the type of behavior the Policy is intended to address.¡± Dean Hill Systems, D2002-0404 (Concurrence of Panelist Abel), supra.

I therefore respectfully dissent from the majority¡¯s decision denying the Complaint.


Lee, Ilhyung
Dissenting Panelist

Dated: June 20, 2006

 

Èñòî÷íèê èíôîðìàöèè: https://internet-law.ru/intlaw/udrp/2006/d2006-0226.html

 

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